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Government debt

Russia

Russia. General government gross debt. Put borrowing in the context of the economy and explore how it has changed over time.

Debt / GDP · 202516.6%History / IMF estimates
Debt, US$ bn · 2025427.0History / IMF estimates
Per person, US$ · 20252,965History / IMF estimates
GDP, US$ bn · 20252,572.3History / IMF estimates

What the figures show

History / IMF estimates

Russia: IMF data and estimates put government debt at 16.6% of GDP in 2025. The derived debt amount is US$ 427.0 billion.

  • The debt-to-GDP ratio is 1.8 percentage points above its 2024 level.
  • This is below the median of 52.85% of GDP across 192 countries with data for the selected year.
  • Over 2015–2025, the debt-to-GDP ratio increases by 1.3 percentage points.

The median is not weighted by economic size. A change in the debt-to-GDP ratio does not necessarily imply the same change in the debt amount. About the data ↗

Government debt over time

Debt as % of GDP. Dashed lines: current-year estimate/projection and future projections.

Government debt over time02550751002000200520102015202020252031Russia · 2000: 55.9% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2001: 44.4% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2002: 37.6% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2003: 28.3% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2004: 20.8% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2005: 14.9% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2006: 9.8% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2007: 8.0% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2008: 7.4% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2009: 9.9% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2010: 10.1% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2011: 10.3% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2012: 11.2% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2013: 12.3% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2014: 15.1% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2015: 15.3% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2016: 14.8% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2017: 14.3% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2018: 13.6% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2019: 13.7% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2020: 19.2% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2021: 16.5% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2022: 15.1% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2023: 15.2% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2024: 14.8% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2025: 16.6% — History / IMF estimatesRussia · 2026: 19.3% — IMF estimate / projectionRussia · 2027: 22.2% — IMF projectionRussia · 2028: 24.8% — IMF projectionRussia · 2029: 27.2% — IMF projectionRussia · 2030: 29.1% — IMF projectionRussia · 2031: 30.7% — IMF projection
Russia
Chart data table
YearRussia (%)Source
203130.7IMF projection
203029.1IMF projection
202927.2IMF projection
202824.8IMF projection
202722.2IMF projection
202619.3IMF estimate / projection
202516.6History / IMF estimates
202414.8History / IMF estimates
202315.2History / IMF estimates
202215.1History / IMF estimates
202116.5History / IMF estimates
202019.2History / IMF estimates
201913.7History / IMF estimates
201813.6History / IMF estimates
201714.3History / IMF estimates
201614.8History / IMF estimates
201515.3History / IMF estimates
201415.1History / IMF estimates
201312.3History / IMF estimates
201211.2History / IMF estimates
201110.3History / IMF estimates
201010.1History / IMF estimates
20099.9History / IMF estimates
20087.4History / IMF estimates
20078.0History / IMF estimates
20069.8History / IMF estimates
200514.9History / IMF estimates
200420.8History / IMF estimates
200328.3History / IMF estimates
200237.6History / IMF estimates
200144.4History / IMF estimates
200055.9History / IMF estimates

The DataMapper API does not provide the actual/estimate cutoff for each country and series. Past years are therefore labelled history/IMF estimates, the current year estimate/projection, and later years projections. Historical values can be revised. There is no simulated real-time debt counter.

Source: IMF WEO · World Economic Outlook (October 2026) · Retrieved 2026-11-01. About the data