什么是政府债务？
广义政府累计承担的债务负债。其范围大于中央政府，通常包括地方政府和社会保障基金。各国的覆盖范围和估值方法可能不同。总债务并未扣除政府持有的金融资产。
有数据国家的债务总额 · 2025111.0 万亿美元历史数据 / IMF估计
债务占合计GDP比重93.7 %仅含债务及GDP均有数据的国家；美元金额为计算值。
纳入计算的国家192 / 194来源: IMF WEO
01 / 各国数据
各国数据一览
选择年份和指标，点击国家查看历史变化。
| # | 国家 | 债务 / GDP | 债务，十亿美元 | 人均，美元 | 年度变化，百分点 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | LY利比亚 | 153.8% | 68.8 | 9,224 | +38.5 |
| 2 | UA乌克兰 | 107.1% | 229.4 | 6,982 | +17.4 |
| 3 | GA加蓬 | 84.2% | 18.4 | 7,993 | +13.3 |
| 4 | SR苏里南 | 96.9% | 4.6 | 6,988 | +12.9 |
| 5 | KW科威特 | 14.6% | 23.0 | 4,610 | +11.7 |
| 6 | BH巴林 | 144.3% | 70.7 | 44,079 | +10.6 |
| 7 | SS南苏丹 | 64.2% | 3.6 | 292 | +10.5 |
| 8 | MW马拉维 | 96.6% | 14.6 | 606 | +10.1 |
| 9 | ET埃塞俄比亚 | 43.3% | 54.7 | 495 | +9.8 |
| 10 | CN中国 | 98.6% | 19,351.4 | 13,774 | +8.1 |
| 11 | IQ伊拉克 | 52.8% | 139.5 | 3,064 | +7.1 |
| 12 | CG刚果（布） | 100.4% | 15.5 | 2,388 | +6.6 |
| 13 | BR巴西 | 93.3% | 2,127.2 | 9,967 | +6.3 |
| 14 | BG保加利亚 | 29.9% | 39.2 | 6,099 | +6.1 |
| 15 | FI芬兰 | 88.4% | 281.3 | 50,172 | +5.9 |
| 16 | SA沙特阿拉伯 | 31.8% | 405.0 | 11,248 | +5.9 |
| 17 | PL波兰 | 59.7% | 621.2 | 17,021 | +4.9 |
| 18 | VC圣文森特和格林纳丁斯 | 107.7% | 1.3 | 11,731 | +4.9 |
| 19 | SZ斯威士兰 | 44.8% | 2.3 | 1,859 | +4.8 |
| 20 | GY圭亚那 | 28.9% | 7.7 | 7,546 | +4.6 |
| 21 | IR伊朗 | 35.6% | 132.1 | 1,518 | +4.4 |
| 22 | SL塞拉利昂 | 51.4% | 4.0 | 449 | +4.4 |
| 23 | GN几内亚 | 36.3% | 15.3 | 971 | +4.3 |
| 24 | BE比利时 | 107.9% | 782.3 | 65,837 | +4.0 |
| 25 | DZ阿尔及利亚 | 52.1% | 148.2 | 3,124 | +4.0 |
| 26 | KE肯尼亚 | 71.3% | 96.9 | 1,816 | +4.0 |
| 27 | ME黑山 | 63.5% | 5.9 | 9,391 | +3.7 |
| 28 | CA加拿大 | 113.6% | 2,636.9 | 63,383 | +3.6 |
| 29 | BW博茨瓦纳 | 34.0% | 6.8 | 2,653 | +3.5 |
| 30 | JM牙买加 | 66.0% | 14.9 | 5,415 | +3.5 |
| 31 | NZ新西兰 | 54.7% | 142.0 | 26,667 | +3.3 |
| 32 | KG吉尔吉斯斯坦 | 39.4% | 8.9 | 1,233 | +3.2 |
| 33 | CD刚果（金） | 20.4% | 19.0 | 178 | +3.1 |
| 34 | SB所罗门群岛 | 29.6% | 0.511488 | 641 | +3.0 |
| 35 | TT特立尼达和多巴哥 | 84.0% | 21.8 | 15,176 | +3.0 |
| 36 | FR法国 | 115.5% | 3,906.9 | 56,743 | +2.9 |
| 37 | HK中国香港特别行政区 | 12.1% | 51.7 | 6,882 | +2.9 |
| 38 | RO罗马尼亚 | 60.4% | 259.3 | 13,616 | +2.9 |
| 39 | KR韩国 | 52.4% | 986.0 | 19,078 | +2.8 |
| 40 | GB英国 | 102.1% | 4,096.5 | 58,953 | +2.7 |
| 41 | MX墨西哥 | 61.7% | 1,132.2 | 8,490 | +2.7 |
| 42 | BZ伯利兹 | 66.9% | 2.2 | 5,317 | +2.6 |
| 43 | PK巴基斯坦 | 72.8% | 297.1 | 1,236 | +2.5 |
| 44 | PH菲律宾 | 59.1% | 287.9 | 2,528 | +2.5 |
| 45 | IT意大利 | 137.1% | 3,496.2 | 59,324 | +2.4 |
| 46 | ZA南非 | 78.4% | 334.9 | 5,307 | +2.4 |
| 47 | US美国 | 124.4% | 38,391.5 | 112,292 | +2.1 |
| 48 | TD乍得 | 33.3% | 7.3 | 386 | +1.9 |
| 49 | RU俄罗斯 | 16.6% | 427.0 | 2,965 | +1.8 |
| 50 | TH泰国 | 64.7% | 373.3 | 5,213 | +1.8 |
| 51 | SK斯洛伐克 | 61.4% | 94.8 | 17,499 | +1.7 |
| 52 | CR哥斯达黎加 | 60.4% | 62.2 | 11,574 | +1.5 |
| 53 | JO约旦 | 83.6% | 51.6 | 4,321 | +1.5 |
| 54 | LT立陶宛 | 39.5% | 37.6 | 13,000 | +1.5 |
| 55 | AT奥地利 | 81.4% | 472.2 | 51,427 | +1.4 |
| 56 | UG乌干达 | 53.2% | 35.4 | 736 | +1.4 |
| 57 | DE德国 | 62.7% | 3,207.5 | 38,407 | +1.3 |
| 58 | RW卢旺达 | 64.7% | 10.6 | 748 | +1.3 |
| 59 | MM缅甸 | 51.9% | 42.7 | 779 | +1.2 |
| 60 | NO挪威 | 54.0% | 286.3 | 50,958 | +1.2 |
| 61 | HU匈牙利 | 74.6% | 184.4 | 19,284 | +1.1 |
| 62 | QA卡塔尔 | 42.5% | 91.6 | 28,854 | +1.1 |
| 63 | AU澳大利亚 | 51.9% | 955.4 | 34,451 | +1.0 |
| 64 | BD孟加拉国 | 42.0% | 192.3 | 1,107 | +1.0 |
| 65 | CF中非共和国 | 42.6% | 2.0 | 358 | +1.0 |
| 66 | CZ捷克 | 44.2% | 173.2 | 16,039 | +1.0 |
| 67 | LC圣卢西亚 | 76.8% | 2.0 | 11,208 | +0.9 |
| 68 | MN蒙古 | 45.0% | 11.4 | 3,177 | +0.9 |
| 69 | PR波多黎各 | 17.6% | 22.8 | 7,149 | +0.8 |
| 70 | AE阿拉伯联合酋长国 | 33.9% | 208.3 | 18,357 | +0.7 |
| 71 | ID印度尼西亚 | 40.9% | 591.3 | 2,077 | +0.7 |
| 72 | LV拉脱维亚 | 46.9% | 22.8 | 12,246 | +0.7 |
| 73 | MY马来西亚 | 70.5% | 333.3 | 9,845 | +0.7 |
| 74 | NL荷兰 | 44.7% | 590.9 | 32,749 | +0.7 |
| 75 | KN圣基茨和尼维斯 | 58.7% | 0.631612 | 12,146 | +0.6 |
| 76 | SE瑞典 | 34.5% | 233.4 | 21,863 | +0.6 |
| 77 | EE爱沙尼亚 | 24.0% | 11.3 | 8,315 | +0.5 |
| 78 | MU毛里求斯 | 86.8% | 14.0 | 11,224 | +0.5 |
| 79 | EC厄瓜多尔 | 54.5% | 71.0 | 3,923 | +0.4 |
| 80 | GQ赤道几内亚 | 35.4% | 4.5 | 2,778 | +0.4 |
| 81 | GT危地马拉 | 26.7% | 32.9 | 1,762 | +0.4 |
| 82 | MD摩尔多瓦 | 39.2% | 8.0 | 3,349 | +0.4 |
| 83 | DO多米尼加共和国 | 59.0% | 75.5 | 6,932 | +0.2 |
| 84 | IL以色列 | 67.9% | 418.6 | 41,352 | +0.2 |
| 85 | LU卢森堡 | 26.5% | 26.8 | 39,284 | +0.2 |
| 86 | MT马耳他 | 46.2% | 12.9 | 22,419 | +0.2 |
| 87 | BO玻利维亚 | 83.3% | 54.3 | 4,319 | +0.1 |
| 88 | TR土耳其 | 23.7% | 379.9 | 4,426 | +0.1 |
| 89 | BN文莱 | 1.6% | 0.240032 | 522 | 0.0 |
| 90 | LI列支敦士登 | 0.5% | 0.04517 | 1,102 | 0.0 |
| 91 | MO中国澳门特别行政区 | 0.0% | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| 92 | BA波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那 | 28.8% | 9.7 | 2,808 | -0.1 |
| 93 | KZ哈萨克斯坦 | 24.3% | 74.4 | 3,646 | -0.1 |
| 94 | SG新加坡 | 165.7% | 1,000.6 | 164,656 | -0.1 |
| 95 | SV萨尔瓦多 | 87.6% | 32.2 | 5,038 | -0.1 |
| 96 | TZ坦桑尼亚 | 49.8% | 44.6 | 633 | -0.2 |
| 97 | PS巴勒斯坦领土 | 55.9% | 9.6 | 1,673 | -0.2 |
| 98 | CH瑞士 | 40.1% | 425.3 | 46,994 | -0.3 |
| 99 | CL智利 | 41.5% | 148.3 | 7,402 | -0.3 |
| 100 | TL东帝汶 | 13.3% | 0.274512 | 195 | -0.3 |
| 101 | MA摩洛哥 | 66.6% | 122.5 | 3,249 | -0.4 |
| 102 | XK科索沃 | 17.5% | 2.2 | 1,364 | -0.4 |
| 103 | IN印度 | 84.3% | 3,295.3 | 2,251 | -0.5 |
| 104 | NP尼泊尔 | 47.4% | 21.6 | 728 | -0.5 |
| 105 | KH柬埔寨 | 25.5% | 12.9 | 724 | -0.6 |
| 106 | AL阿尔巴尼亚 | 53.8% | 16.2 | 6,893 | -0.7 |
| 107 | VN越南 | 30.5% | 150.7 | 1,473 | -0.7 |
| 108 | OM阿曼 | 34.7% | 38.0 | 7,155 | -0.8 |
| 109 | ES西班牙 | 100.5% | 1,918.1 | 38,788 | -0.9 |
| 110 | KI基里巴斯 | 8.0% | 0.02792 | 216 | -0.9 |
| 111 | MZ莫桑比克 | 90.3% | 21.3 | 595 | -0.9 |
| 112 | NA纳米比亚 | 67.5% | 10.2 | 3,324 | -1.0 |
| 113 | TM土库曼斯坦 | 3.1% | 2.4 | 359 | -1.0 |
| 114 | AM亚美尼亚 | 46.9% | 13.7 | 4,453 | -1.1 |
| 115 | CO哥伦比亚 | 59.9% | 273.8 | 5,161 | -1.1 |
| 116 | HR克罗地亚 | 56.3% | 59.1 | 15,261 | -1.1 |
| 117 | BJ贝宁 | 59.3% | 14.6 | 985 | -1.2 |
| 118 | GE格鲁吉亚 | 34.3% | 13.1 | 3,328 | -1.2 |
| 119 | PA巴拿马 | 56.6% | 51.2 | 11,214 | -1.2 |
| 120 | SI斯洛文尼亚 | 65.1% | 52.3 | 24,554 | -1.2 |
| 121 | AF阿富汗 | 7.6% | 1.5 | 34 | -1.3 |
| 122 | BS巴哈马 | 71.7% | 12.3 | 29,894 | -1.3 |
| 123 | LR利比里亚 | 55.1% | 2.9 | 501 | -1.3 |
| 124 | TG多哥 | 64.9% | 7.7 | 890 | -1.3 |
| 125 | AG安提瓜和巴布达 | 70.2% | 1.6 | 15,197 | -1.4 |
| 126 | KM科摩罗 | 30.5% | 0.49044 | 539 | -1.4 |
| 127 | MK北马其顿 | 52.6% | 10.1 | 5,547 | -1.4 |
| 128 | AZ阿塞拜疆 | 20.1% | 15.3 | 1,472 | -1.5 |
| 129 | FM密克罗尼西亚 | 8.8% | 0.044616 | 587 | -1.6 |
| 130 | FJ斐济 | 77.1% | 4.8 | 5,174 | -1.7 |
| 131 | PG巴布亚新几内亚 | 51.6% | 17.1 | 1,642 | -1.7 |
| 132 | HN洪都拉斯 | 40.3% | 16.0 | 1,450 | -1.9 |
| 133 | RS塞尔维亚 | 42.2% | 42.2 | 6,450 | -1.9 |
| 134 | PE秘鲁 | 30.1% | 102.9 | 2,991 | -2.0 |
| 135 | UY乌拉圭 | 65.6% | 56.1 | 16,104 | -2.0 |
| 136 | AO安哥拉 | 52.9% | 74.4 | 1,898 | -2.1 |
| 137 | MG马达加斯加 | 47.7% | 9.3 | 295 | -2.1 |
| 138 | GM冈比亚 | 73.7% | 2.1 | 718 | -2.2 |
| 139 | UZ乌兹别克斯坦 | 28.6% | 42.1 | 1,100 | -2.3 |
| 140 | CI科特迪瓦 | 57.1% | 57.0 | 1,734 | -2.4 |
| 141 | DK丹麦 | 27.4% | 129.0 | 21,532 | -2.5 |
| 142 | AD安道尔 | 30.3% | 1.4 | 15,290 | -2.6 |
| 143 | NE尼日尔 | 45.5% | 9.7 | 332 | -2.6 |
| 144 | BB巴巴多斯 | 96.2% | 7.6 | 26,172 | -2.7 |
| 145 | DJ吉布提 | 31.3% | 1.4 | 1,331 | -2.7 |
| 146 | HT海地 | 12.3% | 3.9 | 314 | -2.8 |
| 147 | CM喀麦隆 | 40.5% | 24.0 | 802 | -2.9 |
| 148 | VU瓦努阿图 | 36.2% | 0.472772 | 1,415 | -2.9 |
| 149 | LS莱索托 | 49.4% | 1.4 | 578 | -3.1 |
| 150 | NG尼日利亚 | 36.1% | 104.9 | 441 | -3.2 |
| 151 | TW台湾 | 23.6% | 217.3 | 9,325 | -3.2 |
| 152 | NI尼加拉瓜 | 34.6% | 7.7 | 1,155 | -3.3 |
| 153 | TV图瓦卢 | 2.8% | 0.00196 | 196 | -3.3 |
| 154 | GD格林纳达 | 69.4% | 1.0 | 8,795 | -3.4 |
| 155 | LK斯里兰卡 | 96.8% | 105.4 | 4,844 | -3.4 |
| 156 | IE爱尔兰 | 34.8% | 236.8 | 43,080 | -3.6 |
| 157 | ML马里 | 40.3% | 12.6 | 499 | -3.7 |
| 158 | IS冰岛 | 56.7% | 21.8 | 56,075 | -3.8 |
| 159 | PT葡萄牙 | 89.7% | 310.7 | 28,762 | -3.8 |
| 160 | TN突尼斯 | 81.7% | 46.8 | 3,789 | -3.9 |
| 161 | BF布基纳法索 | 53.2% | 14.7 | 612 | -4.0 |
| 162 | MV马尔代夫 | 129.4% | 10.0 | 24,429 | -4.0 |
| 163 | SM圣马力诺 | 59.8% | 1.3 | 39,626 | -4.0 |
| 164 | EG埃及 | 86.8% | 316.5 | 2,933 | -4.1 |
| 165 | WS萨摩亚 | 21.2% | 0.273056 | 1,288 | -4.1 |
| 166 | NR瑙鲁 | 12.2% | 0.021472 | 1,789 | -4.3 |
| 167 | AR阿根廷 | 80.1% | 547.6 | 11,534 | -4.5 |
| 168 | MR毛里塔尼亚 | 40.4% | 5.1 | 1,100 | -4.8 |
| 169 | TO汤加 | 26.9% | 0.186148 | 1,880 | -4.8 |
| 170 | SC塞舌尔 | 51.2% | 1.2 | 9,766 | -5.1 |
| 171 | MH马绍尔群岛 | 8.8% | 0.026664 | 702 | -5.5 |
| 172 | BT不丹 | 102.6% | 3.6 | 4,553 | -6.1 |
| 173 | TJ塔吉克斯坦 | 18.6% | 3.3 | 315 | -6.3 |
| 174 | PY巴拉圭 | 38.2% | 18.8 | 2,933 | -6.4 |
| 175 | GW几内亚比绍 | 75.1% | 2.0 | 988 | -7.3 |
| 176 | PW帕劳 | 52.8% | 0.185856 | 10,325 | -7.3 |
| 177 | BY白俄罗斯 | 31.3% | 30.1 | 3,310 | -7.4 |
| 178 | AW阿鲁巴 | 64.8% | 2.9 | 26,277 | -7.7 |
| 179 | CY塞浦路斯 | 55.0% | 22.7 | 23,053 | -7.8 |
| 180 | DM多米尼克 | 99.9% | 0.743256 | 9,910 | -8.3 |
| 181 | SN塞内加尔 | 127.7% | 47.3 | 2,469 | -8.4 |
| 182 | GR希腊 | 146.6% | 411.2 | 39,643 | -8.8 |
| 183 | JP日本 | 204.8% | 9,119.9 | 73,971 | -8.8 |
| 184 | ST圣多美和普林西比 | 59.1% | 0.579771 | 2,416 | -9.9 |
| 185 | LA老挝 | 88.8% | 15.0 | 1,928 | -10.4 |
| 186 | CV佛得角 | 115.4% | 3.5 | 6,879 | -11.7 |
| 187 | BI布隆迪 | 42.0% | 2.8 | 197 | -11.8 |
| 188 | LB黎巴嫩 | 139.4% | 48.1 | 8,221 | -12.6 |
| 189 | GH加纳 | 48.8% | 56.0 | 1,596 | -21.3 |
| 190 | ZM赞比亚 | 100.6% | 28.9 | 1,318 | -24.9 |
| 191 | ZW津巴布韦 | 38.0% | 22.2 | 1,276 | -32.4 |
| 192 | SD苏丹 | 204.4% | 74.6 | 1,480 | -77.9 |
没有符合条件的国家。
仅含债务及GDP均有数据的国家；美元金额为计算值。 数据说明 ↗
02 / 理解数字的意义
理解数字的意义
债务只是故事的一部分。从三个重要区别开始。
为何与GDP比较？
债务与年度GDP之比反映债务相对于经济的规模。100%意味着债务相当于一年的GDP，并不意味着所有债务都要在一年内偿还。利率、期限、币种和财政收入同样影响违约风险。
美元金额如何计算？
美元债务是近似计算值：债务占GDP比重 × 以美元计价的名义GDP / 100，可能不同于按年末汇率折算的官方债务。人均值为此金额除以人口，是统计比率，并非个人应偿还的债务。